A landscape that grew rather than was designed
Many organisations work with a system landscape that has grown over the years, without anyone having designed the whole. Customer data sits spread across separate systems, so nobody has the same picture of the customer. Every change touches several systems at once, which makes an adjustment take months instead of weeks. This way the technology determines what the organisation can still do, instead of the strategy. Ambitions on customer experience or new propositions then founder not on the idea, but on the set-up underneath it.